He completed his PhD from the Faculty of Laws, University College London, where his Doctoral Thesis ‘Platform Politics and Data Publics: Statecraft, Citizenship and Sovereignty in the India Stack’, examines how processes of platformisation and datafication in India are shaping the political economy of statecraft and informational capitalism in India.

He has worked on issues in technology and justice across academia, civil society and think tanks, including collaborations with investigative journalists, activists and creative practitioners, and is currently a Research Fellow in Digital Societies at ODI Global, leading research and practice on the global political economy of digital technologies.